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Volume 2
Issue 1 JANUARY- JUNE 2025
Volume 2(Issue 1) JANUARY- JUNE 2025 Research Articles
Personalized Pharmacotherapy and Deprescribing Strategies for Polypharmacy in Older Adults
Vol.2(1); Pages:1-9. Published on April 2025
Abstract
The need for complex pharmacotherapeutic approaches among elderly patients with multiple health conditions causes polypharmacy resulting in elevated possibilities of adverse drug responses along with drug-drug interactions and medication-linked injuries. This European Geriatric Medicine Society Special Interest Group on Pharmacology creates a position paper to share evidence-based guidance about maximizing pharmacotherapy along with deprescribing protocols for Older adults.The research examines three main obstacles within polypharmacy practice: substandard medication usage as well as altered drug clearance rates alongside cognitive decline that affects patient adherence to medications. The medical team needs to adopt a structured system which puts patients first when seeking the ideal balance between treatment advantages and safety risks. Medication optimization consists of three essential components which combine validated assessment tools like STOPP/START criteria with shared decision-making approaches for identifying patient preferences and life expectancy and frailty status in order to successfully deprescribe unneeded medications while conserving quality of life. The process of deprescribing faces challenges because healthcare professionals avoid making changes, there are limited guidelines for different patient groups and patients worry about the unwanted side effects of medication reduction. This paper concentrates on how multidisciplinary teams comprising pharmacists with geriatricians work together to establish deprescribing strategies that become standard clinical practice. More research requires development of personalized deprescribing computation tools while monitoring long-term patient effects. The goal of this position paper is to boost medication safety along with clinical results for older adults through evidencedriven treatment adjustments.
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Standardizing LC-MS/MS Proteomics for Translational Pharmacology
Vol.2(1); Pages:10-16. Published on April 2025
Abstract
The need for complex pharmacotherapeutic approaches among elderly patients with multiple health conditions causes polypharmacy resulting in elevated possibilities of adverse drug responses along with drug-drug interactions and medication-linked injuries. This European Geriatric Medicine Society Special Interest Group on Pharmacology creates a position paper to share evidence-based guidance about maximizing pharmacotherapy along with deprescribing protocols for Older adults.The research examines three main obstacles within polypharmacy practice: substandard medication usage as well as altered drug clearance rates alongside cognitive decline that affects patient adherence to medications. The medical team needs to adopt a structured system which puts patients first when seeking the ideal balance between treatment advantages and safety risks. Medication optimization consists of three essential components which combine validated assessment tools like STOPP/START criteria with shared decision-making approaches for identifying patient preferences and life expectancy and frailty status in order to successfully deprescribe unneeded medications while conserving quality of life. The process of deprescribing faces challenges because healthcare professionals avoid making changes, there are limited guidelines for different patient groups and patients worry about the unwanted side effects of medication reduction. This paper concentrates on how multidisciplinary teams comprising pharmacists with geriatricians work together to establish deprescribing strategies that become standard clinical practice. More research requires development of personalized deprescribing computation tools while monitoring long-term patient effects. The goal of this position paper is to boost medication safety along with clinical results for older adults through evidencedriven treatment adjustments.
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Combining Artificial Intelligence and Network Pharmacology in Traditional Chinese Medicine for Precision Medicine
Vol.2(1); Pages:17-25. Published on April 2025
Abstract
Within traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) patients have practiced medicinal therapy for a continuous span of thousands of years to address multiple targets in disease management. The scientific evaluation of TCM becomes difficult because of multi-component actions and insufficient standardized analytical approaches alongside complex mechanisms involved in therapeutic effects. Network pharmacology has proved to be an essential systems biology technique which seeks to understand Traditional Chinese Medicine mechanisms through studying the complex chemical interactions between compounds and biological network elements. The current utility of network pharmacology remains restricted for precision medicine by multiple challenges arising from data precision problems as well as conflicts in compound-target validations and insufficient results from computational predictions.Network pharmacology-based TCM research gains revolutionary potential through recent advancements of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) together with deep learning (DL). The processing power of AI-driven algorithms enables them to analyze extensive datasets which reveal intricate data patterns that research methods alone would struggle to detect. The proposed research framework combines network pharmacology with artificial intelligence to boost various aspects of traditional Chinese medicine drug discovery and mechanism validation.
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Discovering Cinnamomum cassia Presl’s Potential in Contemporary Medicine: From Conventional Treatments to Cutting-Edge Therapies
Vol.2(1); Pages:26-32. Published on April 2025
Abstract
The botanical species Cinnamomum cassia Presl which operates under the name Chinese cinnamon serves as a conventional medicinal plant because of its multiple therapeutic attributes. The application of Chinese cinnamon moved from traditional documentary practices into modern medical offers as a therapeutic agent. The bioactive substances cinnamaldehyde together with coumarins flavonoids and polyphenols provide Chinese cinnamon with antioxidant antimicrobial anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic and neuroprotective abilities. Scientific pharmacological investigations demonstrate the potential usefulness of cinnamaldehyde as a treatment for diabetes and cardiovascular conditions and neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. The combination of nanotechnology and pharmaceutical formulation improvements has improved hesperidin’s bioavailability patterns leading to new opportunities in medical drug creation. Even though there is promising therapeutic potential with Cinnamomum cassia researchers must address ongoing concerns about potential toxicities and extract standardization and safe long-term usage. This review gathers recent insights about Cinnamomum cassia’s phytochemical makeup as well as its medical benefits and newer medical applications but also highlights safety concerns because more clinical research needs to establish its effectiveness.
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Trends and Impact of Clinical Pharmacology Research in India: A Scientometric Analysis (2005–2014)
Vol.2(1); Pages:33-41. Published on April 2025
Abstract
The objective involves the identification of highly cited clinical pharmacology research papers with a subsequent analysis of their publication along with citation data. The research evaluates how authors together with research institutions and global scholarly partnerships influence Indian clinical pharmacology research production. The investigation of Indian clinical pharmacology research output covers a period between 2000 to 2014 using data found in the Scopus database. A bibliometric study was performed on the highly cited papers that achieved ≥100 citations. The research investigates author networks and analyzes both networking patterns and citation behavior between authors. A new measurement called Major Contributor Index (MCI) acted as the assessment method for determining contributions.Scientists in India published 76 highly cited clinical pharmacology articles which collectively garnered 1.45% of international recognition while representing 0.75% of the total Indian research publications from 2000 to 2014. The 14,059 total citations resulted in an average 184.99 citation count for each paper. Seven papers emerged from AIIMS New Delhi followed by six papers from Panjab University and five papers from Jadavpur University. Three of the significant authors who contributed to the research were S.K. Bhattacharya, J.K. Grover, and S.P. Yadav. Research collaboration under the USA leadership included ten papers and was surpassed by Germany then followed by the UK and Japan together with Russia. Research publications produced by India demonstrate expansion but the percentage of influential papers stays minimal.The growing number of research contributions from India fails to improve its standing in global clinical pharmacology research because it occupies position 10. Additional opportunities exist for research quality development alongside enhanced international academic partnerships.
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Volume 1
Issue 2 JULY – DECEMBER 2024
Research Articles Volume 1 (Issue 2) JuLY – dECEMBER 2024
Review of Ointment Formulations in Modern Pharmaceutics
Vol.1(2); Pages:1-8. Published on July 2024
Abstract
Ointments remain a pivotal dosage form in topical drug delivery, offering a direct and effective route for treating local and systemic conditions. This review explores the evolution and current trends in ointment formulations within modern pharmaceutics, highlighting the technological advancements and scientific insights that have shaped their development. Key aspects such as the selection of ointment bases, the role of excipients, and the methods for enhancing drug release and absorption are examined in detail. The review also addresses the challenges associated with formulating stable, effective, and patient-compliant ointments, including the balancing of physical and chemical properties and the integration of novel drug delivery technologies. Through a comprehensive analysis of contemporary research and innovations, this review underscores the importance of ongoing development in ointment formulations to meet the growing demands for advanced, targeted, and userfriendly topical therapies. The findings emphasize the critical role of ointment formulations in expanding the therapeutic possibilities within modern pharmaceutics and improving patient outcomes.
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Use of Hand Creams during the Period of Frequent Disinfection in COVID-19 Pandemic Preference Survey and Evaluation of Mercury Contamination
Vol.1(2); Pages:9-16. Published on August 2024
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, frequent hand washing and disinfection became essential practices for infection control. However, these practices also led to increased skin dryness, irritation, and damage, necessitating the use of hand creams to maintain skin health. This study aimed to assess the preferences of individuals for hand creams during the pandemic and to evaluate the potential mercury contamination in these products. A survey was conducted to gather data on the types of hand creams used, frequency of use, and factors influencing consumer choices, such as moisturizing efficacy, ingredients, and brand reputation. Additionally, hand cream samples were analyzed for mercury contamination, a toxic heavy metal that poses significant health risks with prolonged exposure. The findings of this study revealed a preference for hand creams with natural and fragrance-free formulations, particularly those containing ingredients like glycerin, shea butter, and ceramides, which are known for their moisturizing and protective properties. Consumers prioritized safety and efficacy over brand loyalty, especially during the pandemic. Furthermore, the evaluation of mercury levels in selected hand cream samples showed that all tested products were within safe regulatory limits, though continuous monitoring is recommended due to the potential long-term effects of low-level exposure. This research underscores the importance of both effective skincare solutions and rigorous safety assessments during times of heightened hygiene practices, such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Exploring Generalizability Theory: Advancing Reliability Assessment in Pharmacy Education
Vol.1(2); Pages:17-23. Published on November 2024
Abstract
Reliability is a cornerstone of effective assessment in pharmacy education, ensuring consistency and accuracy in evaluating student performance. Traditional methods, such as Cronbach’s alpha and inter-rater reliability, provide valuable insights but have limitations in capturing the multifaceted nature of assessment variability. Generalizability Theory (G-theory) offers a comprehensive framework for analyzing multiple sources of error, allowing for more robust and nuanced reliability estimation. This paper provides a primer on G-theory, highlighting its potential to enhance the design, analysis, and interpretation of assessments in pharmacy education. Practical applications and examples are discussed, emphasizing its utility in improving educational outcomes and advancing reliability standards within the field.
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Injecting Technology Solutions into the Literature Review Process in Pharmacovigilance
Vol.1(2); Pages:24-33. Published on November 2024
Abstract
The integration of technology solutions into the literature review process in pharmacovigilance represents a significant advancement in the efficiency and accuracy of safety signal detection, data analysis, and reporting. Traditional literature reviews in pharmacovigilance, often resource-intensive and time-consuming, are increasingly being augmented by artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, natural language processing (NLP), and automation tools. These technologies can streamline the identification, categorization, and analysis of large volumes of scientific literature, real-time safety data, and adverse event reports, enhancing the ability to detect emerging safety signals and inform regulatory decisions. This paper explores the current technological approaches to literature reviews in pharmacovigilance, discusses the challenges and opportunities associated with their implementation, and examines the potential of future technological innovations to improve the pharmacovigilance landscape.
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Pharmacist-led Adverse Drug Event Management Model for Pharmacovigilance in a Chinese Academic Medical Center
Vol.1(2); Pages:34-44. Published on December 2024
Abstract
The pharmacist-led adverse drug event (ADE) management model plays a crucial role in enhancing pharmacovigilance practices within healthcare settings, particularly in academic medical center hospitals. In China, where rapid advancements in healthcare systems and pharmaceutical practices are being observed, the integration of pharmacists into ADE management provides a strategic approach to improving patient safety and therapeutic outcomes. This model involves the active participation of pharmacists in the detection, evaluation, prevention, and reporting of adverse drug events. By working alongside healthcare providers, pharmacists can ensure that ADEs are effectively managed, minimizing patient risks and optimizing medication therapies. The pharmacist-led model not only improves the reporting and identification of ADEs but also enhances the training of healthcare staff, fosters interprofessional collaboration, and supports evidence-based practices for safer drug use. This abstract explores the implementation, challenges, and outcomes of the pharmacist-led ADE management model in a prominent academic medical center in China, highlighting the importance of a collaborative, multidisciplinary approach to pharmacovigilance.
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Issue 1 JANUARY – JUNE 2024
Research Articles Volume 1 (Issue 1) JANUARY – JUNE 2024
Formulation and Evaluation of Lotion and Cream of Nan Sized Chitosan Mangos Teen
Vol.1(1); Pages:1-8. Published on April 2024
Abstract
The development of topical formulations, such as lotions and creams, incorporating nanosized chitosan and mangosteen extract, presents a promising approach to enhancing skin health and therapeutic delivery. Chitosan, a biocompatible and biodegradable polymer, is widely recognized for its antimicrobial and wound-healing properties. Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana), known for its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, complements the chitosan matrix, creating a synergistic formulation. The nanosizing of chitosan improves its bioavailability and penetration through the skin barrier, allowing for enhanced therapeutic efficacy. This study focuses on the formulation and evaluation of lotion and cream preparations containing nanosized chitosan and mangosteen extract. The formulations were characterized for their physical stability, particle size distribution, pH, viscosity, and in vitro release profiles. Additionally, their antimicrobial activity and antioxidant properties were assessed. The results demonstrated that the nanosized chitosan-mangosteen formulations exhibited good stability, suitable physicochemical properties, This study focuses on the formulation and evaluation of lotion and cream incorporating nanosized chitosan and mangosteen extract, aiming to harness their synergistic properties for enhanced skin care benefits. Chitosan, a natural biopolymer, is known for its biocompatibility, antimicrobial, and wound-healing properties, while mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) is rich in xanthones, providing strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The nanosizing of chitosan improves its skin penetration and bioavailability, enhancing the efficacy of the active ingredients. The formulations were prepared, characterized for their physicochemical properties, and evaluated for stability, particle size distribution, pH, viscosity, and in vitro release. Furthermore, their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities were tested to assess their potential as therapeutic skincare products. The results showed that the nanosized chitosan-mangosteen formulations displayed favorable stability and biological activities, indicating their promise as effective topical applications. Further research is needed to explore their clinical potential and long-term effects on skin health. indicate promising outcomes, laying the foundation for further exploration in clinical settings
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Pharmaceutical Applications of Glucose Syrup from High Quality Cassava Flour in Oral Liquid Formulations
Vol.1(1); Pages:9-17. Published on May 2024
Abstract
Glucose syrup derived from high-quality cassava flour has shown promising potential in pharmaceutical applications, particularly in the formulation of oral liquid preparations. Cassava-based glucose syrup offers a cost-effective, sustainable, and versatile alternative to conventional sweeteners used in pharmaceuticals. Its unique physicochemical properties, such as high viscosity, stability, and sweetness, make it an ideal ingredient in the production of syrups, suspensions, and other liquid dosage forms. Additionally, cassava-derived glucose syrup is rich in carbohydrates, making it an excellent energy source in oral liquid formulations intended for pediatric and geriatric populations. This review explores the various applications of cassava-based glucose syrup in the pharmaceutical industry, with a focus on its functionality in improving the taste, texture, and stability of oral liquid formulations. The paper also highlights the potential for cassava-derived glucose syrup to enhance patient compliance by providing a palatable and safe alternative to traditional sweeteners. Through the integration of glucose syrup from high-quality cassava flour, pharmaceutical manufacturers can develop innovative and patient-friendly oral liquid products that meet the growing demand for natural and sustainable ingredients.The pharmaceutical industry is increasingly turning to alternative and sustainable raw materials, and glucose syrup from high-quality cassava flour is emerging as a valuable resource in oral liquid formulations. This cassavabased syrup offers several advantages, including its natural origin, affordability, and functionality as a sweetener and viscosity agent. Its applications range from improving the palatability of syrups and suspensions to enhancing the stability of liquid formulations. In pediatric and geriatric care, where taste and texture are critical to ensuring adherence, cassava-derived glucose syrup can play a significant role. By incorporating this ingredient into oral liquids, pharmaceutical manufacturers can respond to the demand for more natural and patient-friendly options, aligning with current trends in the healthcare market.
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Prepared medicinal ointments: Techniques Method of Operation Physical and chemical properties
Vol.1(1); Pages:18-28. Published on May 2024
Abstract
Prepared medicinal ointments play a crucial role in the topical treatment of various dermatological and systemic conditions. This paper explores the techniques and methods involved in the formulation and preparation of ointments, emphasizing the importance of precise methodology to ensure efficacy and stability. The method of operation includes processes such as fusion, trituration, and levigation, which are critical in achieving the desired consistency and therapeutic effect. Additionally, the physical properties such as viscosity, spreadability, and texture, along with the chemical properties like pH stability, active ingredient solubility, and interactions, are discussed in detail. The interplay between these properties and the method of preparation significantly impacts the ointment’s performance, patient acceptability, and therapeutic outcomes. This comprehensive review provides insights into optimizing ointment formulations to meet specific therapeutic needs, ensuring both safety and efficacy in clinical use. Prepared medicinal ointments are essential formulations in the treatment of a wide range of dermatological and systemic conditions, offering localized therapeutic effects. The techniques involved in their preparation, such as fusion, trituration, and levigation, are critical in determining the final product’s consistency, effectiveness, and stability. This paper delves into these methods of operation, highlighting the precision required in each step to ensure the ointment’s therapeutic efficacy. Moreover, the physical properties of ointments—such as viscosity, spreadability, and texture—are crucial factors that influence patient compliance and the overall effectiveness of the treatment. In parallel, the chemical properties, including pH stability, solubility of active ingredients, and potential chemical interactions, are discussed to provide a comprehensive understanding of how these factors contribute to the stability and potency of the ointment. The integration of physical and chemical properties with the preparation techniques ultimately determines the success of the ointment in clinical applications. This review aims to provide a thorough understanding of these aspects to guide the development of optimal ointment formulations that are both safe and effective for patient use.
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Regular use of a hand cream can attenuate skin dryness and roughness caused by frequent hand washing
Vol.1(1); Pages:29-36. Published on June 2024
Abstract
Frequent hand washing, while essential for maintaining hygiene, can lead to skin dryness and roughness due to the constant removal of the skin’s natural oils. Regular use of hand cream has been shown to mitigate these adverse effects by replenishing moisture and reinforcing the skin’s protective barrier. This abstract reviews the importance of incorporating hand creams into daily skincare routines, particularly for individuals whose hands are frequently exposed to water, soaps, and sanitizers. Emollient-rich hand creams not only hydrate the skin but also provide a protective layer that helps prevent moisture loss and supports skin repair. Clinical studies indicate that consistent application of hand cream significantly reduces symptoms of dryness, roughness, and irritation, leading to improved skin texture and comfort. This approach is especially beneficial in healthcare settings, where frequent hand hygiene practices are mandatory. Therefore, regular use of hand cream should be considered an integral part of hand care to maintain skin health and resilience against environmental stressors. Frequent hand washing, though crucial for hygiene, often results in skin dryness and roughness due to the disruption of the skin’s natural moisture barrier. This abstract explores the benefits of regular hand cream use in alleviating these effects. Hand creams, particularly those formulated with emollients, humectants, and occlusive agents, can effectively restore moisture, smoothen rough skin, and enhance the skin’s protective barrier. Research has demonstrated that consistent application of hand creams significantly reduces the symptoms of dryness, flakiness, and irritation associated with repeated hand washing. By replenishing lost moisture and forming a protective film on the skin surface, hand creams help prevent further water loss and accelerate the skin’s healing process. This simple yet effective intervention is especially vital for individuals in professions requiring frequent hand hygiene, such as healthcare workers. Incorporating regular use of hand cream into daily routines can thus play an essential role in maintaining healthy, supple skin despite frequent exposure to harsh cleansing agents.
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Research and Development in the Pharmaceutical Industry
Vol.1(1); Pages:37-44. Published on June 2024
Abstract
Dry syrups represent a significant advancement in pediatric and geriatric drug administration, offering a convenient alternative to traditional liquid formulations. This review delves into the pharmaceutical science behind dry syrups, exploring their formulation, stability, and therapeutic efficacy. By reconstituting powdered drugs into liquid form at the time of administration, dry syrups provide enhanced stability and ease of use. The review examines the challenges and strategies in the development of dry syrups, including considerations for active ingredient selection, excipient compatibility, and storage conditions. Additionally, the paper addresses regulatory guidelines and quality control measures essential for ensuring the safety and effectiveness of dry syrups in clinical practice. The comprehensive analysis presented here underscores the importance of dry syrups in modern pharmacy, particularly in improving patient adherence and achieving optimal therapeutic outcomes. Dry syrups are a pivotal innovation in drug delivery, particularly for pediatric and geriatric populations, offering a practical alternative to traditional liquid formulations. This review comprehensively explores the pharmaceutical science underlying dry syrups, emphasizing their formulation processes, stability, and therapeutic effectiveness. By enabling the reconstitution of powdered drugs into liquid form at the time of use, dry syrups provide enhanced stability, convenience, and extended shelf life compared to pre-made liquids. The review covers key aspects such as the selection of active pharmaceutical ingredients, the role of excipients, challenges in formulation, and optimal storage conditions. Furthermore, it discusses the regulatory guidelines and quality control measures that are critical in ensuring the safety, efficacy, and patient compliance associated with dry syrups. Through this analysis, the review highlights the significant role of dry syrups in modern pharmacy, emphasizing their contribution to improving patient adherence and achieving favorable therapeutic outcomes in various clinical settings.
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Whether you are looking for pioneering studies, comprehensive reviews, or innovative methodologies, our archives offer a rich repository of knowledge. Each archived issue includes full-text access to all articles, ensuring that valuable research is preserved and easily accessible for future reference.
