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Here, you can access a comprehensive collection of all previously published issues of our journal. Our archives span a range of years and volumes, providing valuable insights into the evolution and advancements in the field of international crop science.
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Volume 2
Issue 2 JULY – DECEMBER 2025
Volume 2(Issue 2) JULY – DECEMBER 2025 Research Articles
Planting Density and Fertilizer Regimes Optimization Towards Yield and Lodging Resistance in Hybrid Rice Cultivation
Vol.2(2); Pages:1-8. Published on September 2025
Abstract
During the hybrid rice systems, planting density/nutrient management is very crucial in the context of yield performance and lodging resistance. The objective of this research was to test how planting geometry and fertilizer regime interact to enhance grain yield, plant height and stem strength of a hybrid of rice (Oryza sativa L.) growing in subtropical field in the two agro-ecological zone in China. Nine treatments (three planting densities (20* 20 cm, 25* 25 cm and 30* 30 cm) and three levels of nitrogen fertilizing (90, 120, and 150 kg/ha)) were tested. Findings suggests that a combination of moderate planting intensity of 25×25 cm and a 120 kg N/ha rate yielded the highest 8.9t/ha crop and also reduced significantly (p < 0.05) the lodging index by 23% when compared to conventional farming. These results imply that planting density optimization and optimization of nutrient input are key to the attainment of increased production and enhanced lodging resistance in hybrid rice production. The work gives a workable guideline on how to make the hybrid rice systems more stable and productive by applying better agronomy in subtropical environments.
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Assessment of Salt-Tolerant Quinoa Lines to determine the Yield and Nutrient Composition in Coastal Salty Soil
Vol.2(2); Pages:9-16. Published on October 2025
Abstract
Quinoa ( Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is emerging as one of the salt tolerant crops which can be cultivated in the marginal land especially that which is being affected by saline water. Nevertheless, genotype-specific saline reaction is poorly studied. The objective of the work was to compare the agronomic profile and nutrient content of six quinoa genotypes cultivated in naturally saline soils of the Tunisian coast (ECe = 9.2 dS/m) in the north of Tunisia. There was a much difference among the genotypes in height, grain yield and accumulation of Na+. Q5 genotype performed the best (2.87 t/ha) with regard to grain yield and showed least uptake of Na 15 because it featured salt exclusion processes. Q3 on the other hand had excellent nutritional content containing protein of 15.6 expressed as percent and iron 8.4 mg/100g, which makes it a good candidate in nutritional importance in salt affected areas. With regard to salty condition, the study brings out the fact that Q5 and Q3 are potential dual-purpose genotypes, which have shown high productivity and nutritional value. The results indicate the possibility of genetic test of salt resistant quinoa genotypes, which will help produce sustainable crop production in the salt areas.
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Conservation Tillage and Residue Retention Effects on Rainfed Sorghum System Soil Soil Moisture and Production Stability
Vol.2(2); Pages:17-24. Published on October 2025
Abstract
The conservation tillage will be very restrictive in keeping the soil healthy and improving the stability of yield, especially in rain fed dry lands. This experiment has determined how minimum tillage and crop residue retention affects the most important variables in the rainfed sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) in southern Zimbabwe; these variables are soil moisture, temperature regulation, grain yield. A split-plot design study was used to test in two growing seasons, and this had three types of tillage regime (conventional, minimum, and zero tillage) combined with different degrees of residue retention (0%, 50%, and 100%). The findings showed that minimum tillage treatment and 100 percent residue retention technique produced the best soil moisture retention (21.4 percent in 0-15 cm) and had a 14.2 percent increase in grain yield as opposed to conventional tillage that had zero percent retention of residue and grain yield increase (p<0.05). The results embolden the possibilities of conservation tillage in maintaining the crop productivity and enhancing long-term agriculture sustainability by reducing water erosion and retaining moisture even in areas with unpredictable rainfall patterns as demonstrated in this research.
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Inoculation of the Chickpea Plant with Rhizobium and Solubilization Forms of Bacteria to Increase Yield and Nodulation Process
Vol.2(2); Pages:25-31. Published on November 2025
Abstract
Biological inoculants are one of the sustainable alternatives to using chemical fertilizers, and they could boost nutrient uptake in availability and crop production in legume-based cropping environment. In this paper, the synergistic ability of co-inoculation of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) with Rhizobium ciceri and phosphate solubilizing bacteria (Pseudomonas fluorescens) was studied in terms of nodulation efficiency, shoot biomass and phosphorous uptake. The results obtained by both the green house and field experiment indicated that coinoculated treatments greatly surpassed their individual and control treatments on all evaluated parameters. The co-inoculated resulted in the grain yield increasing 22.3 percent and nodulation efficiency increased 38.7 percent in the field trials when compared to the untreated controls (p<0.01). The research shows the possibilities of using microbial consortia as an efficient and potentially successful way to increase phosphorus uptake and crops productivity in phosphorus-deficient soil which provides a prospect way of sustainable agriculture especially in pulse-based MPS.
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Evaluation of Intercropping Maize with Moringa and its Effect on the land Productivity and Nutritional Output in the Sub-Saharan Smallholder Systems
Vol.2(2); Pages:32-37. Published on November 2025
Abstract
Incorporation of nutritionally dense crops in staple-based systems provides a route to tackling the food and nutritional security problems of smallholder agro ecosystems. This was a field research that evaluated agronomic and nutritional performance of intercropping maize (Zea mays L.) with moringa ( Moringa oleifera ) under rainfed conditions in Ghana during two growing seasons. The trial was assessing alternate row and paired row intercropping systems to those of monoculture maize. Major performance indicators were land equivalent ratio (LER), grain yield and micronutrient output per unit area. The obtained results indicated that the average LER was 1.41, which indicated that larger land-use efficiency in intercropped plots is more effective. Even though yields of maize improved minimally (6.2 percent), the nutritional content of protein and iron across the system rose significantly (19.7 and 23.5 percent, respectively) because of moringa leaves which contain both nutrients in abundant quantities. This shows a synergistic benefit both with the respect to stability of yields, as well as nutritional quality. The results portray the maize moringa intercropping as a potential tool of nutritional intensification and sustainable land management option in any tropical smallholder farming environment.
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Issue 1 JANUARY- JUNE 2025
Volume 2(Issue 1) JANUARY- JUNE 2025 Research Articles
Digital Technology Is Transforming Agriculture
Vol.2(1); Pages:1-8. Published on May 2025
Abstract
The integration of digital technologies in agriculture is transforming traditional farming methods, enhancing productivity, sustainability, and resource efficiency. Innovations such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), blockchain, Big Data analytics, and precision farming are enabling data-driven decision-making, optimizing resource allocation, and improving supply chain transparency. These advancements help farmers tackle challenges such as climate variability, pest management, and food security while reducing environmental impact. However, barriers to adoption, including high implementation costs, limited digital literacy, and concerns over data privacy, remain significant. Addressing these challenges requires collaborative efforts from governments, private enterprises, and research institutions to provide infrastructure, education, and policy support. With continuous technological evolution, digital agriculture has the potential to enhance food production, promote sustainability, and drive economic growth in the agricultural sector.
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IoT and Big Data Utilization for Intelligent and Sustainable Agriculture
Vol.2(1); Pages:9-16. Published on May 2025
Abstract
Large-scale food production through agriculture functions as the worldwide foundation yet faces increasing obstacles related to climate change and inadequate resources combined with population expansion. IOT and Big Data convergence creates innovative solutions to handle these issues by delivering instant data capture and innovative analytics and smart decision systems. IoT devices with their smart sensors along with automated equipment maintain real-time environmental and crop variable assessments so Big Data analytics performs extensive data analysis to secure higher productivity and sustainability levels.The work examines IoT together with Big Data effects on current agricultural systems based on precision agriculture advancement and resource optimization and production security maintenance. Multiple practical examples including AI-controlled irrigation systems together with IoT sensors that monitor livestock health demonstrate how these innovative technologies can work in the real world. The wide acceptance of these technologies encounters various barriers related to exorbitant expenses and security issues along with inadequate networks. The study suggests that IoT and Big Data technology show great potential but their adoption requires coordinated action from government agencies with farmers and technological development teams. Smart agriculture will receive additional strength in its mission to secure global food security thanks to forthcoming advances in machine learning, blockchain technology, and cloud computing.
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Predictive Analytics Powered by AI for Resilient and Sustainable Agriculture
Vol.2(1); Pages:17-24. Published on May 2025
Abstract
The agricultural industry has to confront multiple obstacles because changing climatic conditions and damaged soils match the need for growing food for a rising worldwide human population. Past farming methods functioned well previously but now struggle to handle the current complex agricultural situations. Artificial Intelligence (AI) alongside predictive analytics has started to revolutionize agricultural techniques through data-led methods which maximize production performance while sustaining the environment. This paper investigates the ways AI predictive analytics analysis boosts crop defenses alongside protection from risks while creating effective resource utilization in farming systems. AI systems accomplish weather forecast and pest identification using Internet of Things (IoT) sensors in combination with climate models and satellite technology alongside historical agriculture databases to suggest highly focused irrigation and fertilization solutions. This study investigates practical farming scenarios and agricultural case examples following an examination of AI applications for sustainable agriculture implementation until forecasting its upcoming evolution.
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Challenges and Advancements in Vertical Farming and Hydroponics for Vegetable Cultivation
Vol.2(1); Pages:25-33. Published on May 2025
Abstract
Hydroponics and vertical farming are groundbreaking advancements in agriculture that offer sustainable and efficient methods to meet the increasing global demand for fresh and nutrient-rich vegetables. These innovative cultivation techniques enable high productivity in confined spaces, making them particularly advantageous for urban and suburban settings. This review explores the core principles, cutting-edge technologies, and diverse challenges linked to these modern farming approaches. By utilizing controlled-environment agriculture, these systems maximize water and nutrient efficiency while reducing reliance on traditional farmland and conventional agricultural methods.Despite their advantages, large-scale implementation faces obstacles such as high initial costs, energy-intensive operations, and the necessity for specialized technical knowledge. This paper discusses recent technological advancements, including enhanced LED lighting, automation, and AI-powered monitoring, which have significantly improved efficiency and scalability. Additionally, it underscores the environmental and economic advantages, emphasizing their role in strengthening food security, lowering carbon emissions, and promoting sustainable urban agriculture. Through an analysis of the benefits and limitations, this review provides valuable insights for researchers, policymakers, and agricultural professionals aiming to integrate hydroponics and vertical farming into mainstream agricultural practices.
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Enhancing Soil Health and Sustainable Farming with Millet Cultivation: A Technical Review
Vol.2(1); Pages:34-44. Published on May 2025
Abstract
Millets, an essential component of traditional agriculture, are experiencing a resurgence in global farming systems due to their adaptability to extreme climatic conditions, low input requirements, and significant contributions to soil health. This review provides an in-depth analysis of millet cultivation within the framework of sustainable agriculture, highlighting its influence on soil nutrient dynamics, organic matter accumulation, and agroecosystem stability. The ability of millets to improve soil fertility through organic carbon enrichment, enhance microbial diversity, and reduce soil erosion underscores their role in ecological conservation. Their integration into crop rotation systems and intercropping models further supports biodiversity and mitigates the adverse effects of monoculture farming.Additionally, this study examines the environmental sustainability of millet farming, focusing on its superior water-use efficiency, carbon sequestration potential, and role in climate change mitigation. Socioeconomic aspects, including the economic viability of millet production, emerging market trends, and policy-driven initiatives for millet promotion, are explored. While millet farming presents numerous benefits, challenges such as lower yield potential, limited access to modern processing technologies, and inefficiencies in supply chains persist. Addressing these barriers through research-driven advancements, precision agriculture applications, and genetic improvements in millet breeding is essential for scaling up production.
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Volume 1
Issue 2 JULY – DECEMBER 2024
Research Articles Volume 1 (Issue 2) JULY – DECEMBER 2024
The Essential Role of Soil Organic Matter in Enhancing Soil Fertility and Sequestering Carbon
Vol.1(2); Pages:1-8. Published on August 2024
Abstract
Soil organic matter (SOM) is pivotal in maintaining soil fertility and acting as a significant carbon sink, thus playing a critical role in both agricultural productivity and climate regulation. SOM enhances soil structure, water retention, and nutrient availability, fostering robust plant growth. Additionally, it sequesters carbon, mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and contributing to climate change mitigation efforts. Understanding the dynamics of SOM, its formation, and decomposition processes is essential for sustainable land management practices aimed at improving soil health and resilience while addressing global environmental challenges.
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Veterinarian Insights on Animal Health Challenges in Organic Farming
Vol.1(2); Pages:9-16. Published on September 2024
Abstract
Organic farming is increasingly popular due to its emphasis on natural processes and reduced use of synthetic inputs. However, this approach presents unique challenges for maintaining animal health. This study explores a veterinarian’s perspective on common health problems encountered on organic farms and the strategies used to address them. Key issues include the management of parasitic infections, nutritional deficiencies, and diseases that require intervention with limited use of conventional pharmaceuticals. Organic farming’s emphasis on preventive care, natural treatments, and the well-being of animals aligns with the principles of sustainable agriculture but necessitates a higher level of management and veterinary oversight. Veterinarians play a crucial role in advising farmers on best practices, integrating traditional knowledge with modern veterinary science to ensure animal health while adhering to organic standards. This research highlights the need for continuous education, research, and collaboration between veterinarians and organic farmers to overcome health challenges and promote the sustainability of organic livestock farming.
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Issue 1 JANUARY – JUNE 2024
Research Articles Volume 1 (Issue 1) JANUARY – JUNE 2024
Enhancing Soil Organic Carbon for Sustainable Agriculture and Food Security
Vol.1(1); Pages:1-10. Published on April 2024
Abstract
Enhancing soil organic carbon (SOC) is essential for promoting sustainable agriculture, ensuring food security, and supporting environmental health. SOC significantly influences soil fertility, structure, and water retention, which in turn impacts crop yields and resilience to climate variability. This abstract examines the critical role of SOC in agricultural systems and its broader implications for ecosystem sustainability. It reviews various strategies for increasing SOC, including cover cropping, reduced tillage, and the application of organic amendments such as compost and manure. The effectiveness of these practices is assessed across different agro-ecological zones, emphasizing their potential to improve soil health and productivity. Furthermore, the abstract explores the interplay between SOC enhancement and climate change mitigation, noting that increased SOC storage in soils can sequester atmospheric CO2 and contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The role of policy initiatives, technological advancements, and farmer education in promoting SOC enrichment is also addressed. By integrating SOC management into agricultural practices, this approach aims to foster more resilient farming systems, secure food supplies, and advance environmental sustainability.
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Advancing Agroecology for Sustainable Food Systems Transformation
Vol.1(1); Pages:11-18. Published on April 2024
Abstract
Post-harvest handling and storage play a critical role in maintaining the quality and extending the shelf life of horticultural produce. This paper explores various strategies and technologies designed to optimize these processes, focusing on temperature control, humidity management, and advanced packaging solutions. By minimizing mechanical damage and reducing exposure to pathogens, these techniques help preserve the nutritional value, appearance, and taste of fruits and vegetables. The review also highlights the importance of proper training for workers and the implementation of best practices throughout the supply chain. Effective post-harvest handling and storage not only ensure food safety and reduce waste but also enhance marketability and consumer satisfaction.
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Impact of Climate Change on Agroecosystems and Potential Adaptation Strategies
Vol.1(1); Pages:19-27. Published on May 2024
Abstract
Climate change poses significant challenges to agroecosystems worldwide, affecting agricultural productivity, food security, and ecosystem stability. This abstract outlines the impact of climate change on agroecosystems and explores potential adaptation strategies to mitigate these impacts. It discusses how rising temperatures, altered precipitation patterns, and extreme weather events influence crop yields, pest dynamics, and soil health. Adaptation strategies such as crop diversification, improved irrigation techniques, soil management practices, and genetic adaptation are examined for their efficacy in enhancing resilience and sustainability in agricultural systems. The abstract underscores the urgent need for integrated approaches that combine scientific innovation, policy support, and community engagement to build adaptive capacity and ensure food production under changing climatic conditions.
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Rethinking Methane Emissions from Animal Agriculture: Innovative Strategies for Sustainable Mitigation
Vol.1(1); Pages:28-39. Published on May 2024
Abstract
Methane emissions from animal agriculture, particularly from enteric fermentation in ruminants and manure management, are significant contributors to global greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. Given the growing demand for animal-based products, there is an urgent need to rethink traditional agricultural practices and develop innovative strategies for sustainable mitigation of methane emissions. This abstract explores the multifaceted approaches to reducing methane emissions, focusing on both technological and management-based strategies. Technological innovations such as feed additives, vaccines, and microbiome manipulation have shown promise in reducing enteric methane production in livestock. Additionally, advancements in manure management practices, including anaerobic digestion, composting, and biogas production, offer viable pathways to mitigate methane emissions while generating renewable energy. Furthermore, regenerative agricultural practices, rotational grazing, and precision farming can optimize animal health and productivity, reducing overall emissions intensity. A systems-based approach that integrates these strategies, supported by policy incentives, stakeholder engagement, and interdisciplinary research, is essential for achieving meaningful reductions in methane emissions from animal agriculture. This approach also aligns with sustainable development goals (SDGs) by promoting climate resilience, food security, and sustainable rural livelihoods. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of current and emerging methane mitigation strategies in animal agriculture, highlighting the need for innovation, collaboration, and policy support to achieve a low-emission future.
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Reviewing agricultural water footprint studies for sustainable water management in agriculture
Vol.1(1); Pages:40-47. Published on June 2024
Abstract
Agriculture plays a crucial role in global water use, making sustainable water management imperative. This review explores agricultural water footprint studies to evaluate their contribution to sustainable practices. It synthesizes methodologies, findings, and policy implications across various geographic and crop contexts. Key considerations include water use efficiency, environmental impacts, and socio-economic factors influencing water footprint outcomes. The review underscores the importance of integrated approaches that balance agricultural productivity with water conservation, highlighting opportunities for improved water management strategies in farming systems worldwide.
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